Colic is one of the most common and potentially serious conditions affecting horses. It refers to abdominal pain, which can range from mild discomfort to severe distress. For any horse owner, it’s essential to understand how to manage and support a horse experiencing colic, as timely intervention can make all the difference. In this blog post, we’ll discuss how you can support your horse through this condition, the signs to look out for, and how to act quickly.

Colic is a broad term used to describe various types of abdominal pain in horses. It can be caused by numerous factors, including digestive disturbances, dehydration, gas buildup, intestinal blockages, or twisted intestines. While some cases of colic may resolve on their own, others require immediate veterinary attention. 

One common type of colic is called sand colic, this is caused by a horse ingesting sand. 

Knowing the signs of colic is crucial for all horse owners. Common symptoms to look out for include: 

• Restlessness – The horse may be pawing the ground, shifting positions, or frequently looking at its abdomen. 
• Rolling or Lying Down – Horses with colic often try to relieve their discomfort by rolling or lying down, which can be dangerous if done excessively. 
• Sweating – Profuse sweating without exertion is a common sign of pain. 
• Reduced Appetite or Refusal to Eat – A horse with colic may stop eating or drinking. 
• Bloating or Abdominal Distension – The abdomen may appear swollen or more pronounced. 
• Grunting or Lip Curling – These are signs the horse may be in discomfort. 

If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s essential to take action immediately. Even mild signs of colic can worsen quickly. 

In any situation involving colic, contacting your vet should be your first step. Even if the symptoms seem mild, it’s always better to err on the side of caution. Your vet will have the expertise to diagnose the issue and provide guidance on how to proceed. If the colic is severe or the horse is in significant pain, your vet may suggest bringing the horse in for treatment. 

While mild cases of colic can often be managed at home with careful observation and supportive care, there are certain situations where immediate veterinary intervention is required. You should call your vet if: 

• The horse is showing signs of severe pain, such as intense rolling, sweating, or constant pacing. 
• The horse has not passed manure for 12–24 hours or is showing signs of bloating. 
• The horse appears lethargic or weak, or you notice any change in their vital signs (e.g., rapid pulse, elevated temperature). 
• There’s an absence of gut sounds, which could indicate a more serious issue such as an intestinal twist or obstruction. 

Dehydration can be a significant factor in colic, so make sure your horse always has access to fresh, clean water. Encouraging your horse to drink during a mild colic episode may help with digestion and relieve some discomfort. If your horse is reluctant to drink, offering them wet food, such as soaked hay or grass, can help increase their fluid intake.

Colic can sometimes be triggered by changes in diet or the consumption of poor-quality feed. Ensure your horse’s diet is consistent and suited to their individual needs. Avoid sudden changes, and be mindful of any known food sensitivities or allergies. For horses prone to colic, you may want to consider incorporating natural herbs, like those found in Horse Herbs products, to support digestive health.

Natural herbal products can sometimes offer relief for horses with mild colic symptoms, especially when the colic is caused by digestive upset or gas. Products like Fennel and Chamomile have been traditionally used to promote digestive health and reduce bloating and gas.  

Stress can exacerbate colic, so try to maintain a calm, quiet environment for your horse. Keep them in a familiar, safe area and avoid introducing any additional stressors, such as noisy surroundings or sudden changes in their routine.

Colic is a serious condition that every horse owner should be prepared to handle. By staying calm, recognising the signs early, and knowing when to seek professional help, you can play an important role in supporting your horse through an episode of colic. Remember, while some cases may resolve on their own, always involve your vet when in doubt – they are the best source of guidance for your horse’s health and well-being.

With careful attention to diet, hydration, and regular health checks, you can help reduce the likelihood of colic and ensure that your horse remains happy and healthy for years to come.